Epa450375047 april 1975 comparison of flue gas desulfurization, coal liquefaction, and coal gasification for use at coalfired power plants u. Flue gas desulfurization gypsum american coal ash association. Flue gas desulfurization fgd removes the so2 from the flue gas of coalfired plants. Meyers process development for chemical desulfurization of. In charge of major work for the majoaf department for the graduate college. Thermal and chemical desulfurization of low sulfur coals. Novel desulfurization process of heavy fuel oil using. Investigation on the mechanism of coal desulfurization by ultrasonic. This book was written to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of the art in coal preparation, with particular emphasis on coal desulfurization. This is a change from the past decade when most of the energy industrys attention was on natural gas and the inexpensive, clean, and efficient combined. Elemental sulfur and iron sulfate are recovered as products of the reaction. New reagents and reactions for desulfurization of coal. Worlds largestclass highperformance, economical flue.
Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coal fired power plants presented by michael x. Desulfurization of coal in a fluidizedbed reactor abstract the pioneering investigation of jacobs and mirkus 1 showed that substantial amounts of sulfur could be removed from illinois no. Separation efficiency can be modified by the active pulsing gas significantly. This research conveys a unique work in order to remove sulfur from heavy oil using surfactant as extracting materials. The purpose of removing the sulfur, and creating products such as ultralowsulfur diesel, is to reduce the sulfur dioxide so. Microbial desulfurization of coal union carbide corporation. The effectiveness of a desulfurizing agent in treating coal gases is related to the predicted equilibrium partial pressure of sulfur which will be present in a phase. In this paper, desulfurization characteristics of two imported low sulfur coals and two domestic anthracite coals are studied with three different desulfurization processes. Jiang at the coaltech 2000 international conference november 14, 2000 jakarta, indonesia br1709 paul s. Deash and desulfurization of fine coal using a gasvibro. Coal desulfurization by microwave radiation is a new coal sulfur. Thus, effective desulfurization results could be achieved by combining.
Desulfurization article about desulfurization by the free. Coal is the most important nonrenewable energy source of fossil origin. Hydrodesulfurization hydrodesulfurization hds or hydrotreating is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur compounds from refined petroleum products such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, diesel fuel, and fuel oils. The tier 2 gasoline sulfur control established a strong economic driving force for technological progress in fcc naphtha desulfurization. Very small and highly disseminated pyrite particles are nearly impoosible to separate from coal. Solubilized coal was desulfurized more efficiently than hard coal and more sulfur was extracted from biologically solubilized coal than from chemically solubilized. Desulfurization of oxidized indian coals with solvent. Physical coal cleaning can only remove limited amount of inorganic sulphur due to insufficient liberation. With the utilization of wfgd and dfgd scrubber systems, coal fired power plant emissions have dramatically decreased over the past 15 years. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemical.
Desulfurization increases with grinding to finer sizes and with decreasing density of separating medium. The major coal desulphurization technologies prior to combustion are physical coal cleaning, chemical and biological methods. One of the cheaper method of removing sulfur from coal is biological process. Thus, the fluidized bed combustor fbc technology using limestone as a desulfurization agent is very appropriate to the use of this kind of coal. Environmental protection agency office of air and water programs office of air quality planning and standards research triangle park, north carolina 27711. Kilbane an integral part of coals molecular matrix and is not readily accessible pollution from coal. Proven and developing technologies introduction the topic of coalfired generation is appearing more frequently in the media and particularly within energy publications. However, during coal incineration in power plants, high sulfur content of coal poses serious environmental problems owing to sulfur dioxide emission. Oct 27, 1981 an ohio coal 150 mesh size containing 4. The type of coal burned as well as the presence of a selective catalytic reduction unit both affect the ratio of elemental to oxidized mercury in the flue gas and thus the degree to which the mercury is removed. It is also the most common fuel in thermal power plants.
Flue gas desulfurization flue gas desulfurization is commonly known as fgd and is the technology used for removing sulfur dioxide so 2 from the exhaust combustion flue gases of power plants that burn coal oroil to produce steam for. Objectives at the end of this lesson, you will be able to do the following. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power plants presented by michael x. A gasvibro fluidized bed was proposed for deash and desulfurization for fine coal. Ppt desulfurization of coal powerpoint presentation. The second most common use of ccps is flue gas desulfurization fgd gypsum in wallboard.
The focus of work being performed on hot coal gas desulfurization at the morgantown energy technology center is primarily iri the use of zinc titanate sorbents. Arl optim x simultaneoussequential wavelength dispersive x ray fluorescence spectrometer industry background what is flue gas desulfurization. It has been accepted for inclusion in masters theses. Flue gas desulfurization flue gas desulfurization is commonly known as fgd and is the technology used for removing sulfur dioxide so2 from the exhaust flue gases in power plants that burn coal or oil to produce steam for the steam turbines that drive their electricity generators. Coal combustion is the largest single source of sulfur oxide pollution. Coal desulfurization by solvent leaching methods ali ahmed, naseer ahmad, rizwan shah, m. Chemical engineering department, college of engineering, american university of sharjah, sharjah, uae. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemicalphysical treatments a dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy major.
For desulfurization of slurry coal fines prior to combustion by jo davison. Flue gas desulfurization acid gas removal systems goal to familiarize you with the operation of flue gas desulfurization fgd systems that use a scrubbing liquid to absorb so2 present in the exhaust gas stream. Ppt desulfurization of coal powerpoint presentation free. The removal of organic sulfur depends on the sulfur containing organic compounds present in coal. Clean coal technologies are several generations of technological advances that have led to more efficient combustion of coal with reduced emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. During coal combustion heat is released to produce steam in boilers. Sulfurous emissions from the combustion of coal are cited as the leading contributor to acid rain. Desulfurization is the process of using hydrogen gas to reduce the sulfur content in hydrocarbons thus reducing the emissions of sulfur oxides which are responsible for acid rain. Microbial desulfurization of low rank coal by rhodococcus rhodochrous igts8 was investigated using three different pretreated coal samples. Background due to sulfur emission limits imposed by the clean air act, the power industry in the united states has turned to sources of low sulfur coal, and regions with highsulfur coal reserves have lost billions of dollars in revenues and tens of thousands of jobs previously.
Desulfurization, fuel gas desulfurization, gas desulfurization. With the advantages of its fast speed, effective and moderate controllable conditions, desulfurization of coal by microwave has become research focus in the field of clean coal technology. Countries across the globe have increasingly strict regulations in place to limit the sulfur content in fuels. These costs have caused many refineries to close due to huge equipment cost and ongoing energy costs. Zeeb road, ann arbor, ml 48106 18 bedford row, london wcir 4ej, england. Hot coal gas desulfurization with manganesebased sorbents. Pdf during process of combustion harmful gases emitting due to ash and sulfur contain in it had negative effect on environment as well as.
Coal activated carbon for desulfurization treating the effluent air stream with activated carbon has been found to be one of the best ways to remove hydrogen sulfide. As noted above, conventional hydrotreating is expensive. Desulfurization of coal as a function of tempera ture at 50 ib. Coal is a homogeneous mixture which consists of various components with different dielectric properties, so their abilities to absorb microwaves are different, and the. They have different amounts of mgo and cao, but approximated the same weight. It offers a deep analysis of the industry with the integrity of logic and the comprehensiveness of contents to all its users. Desulphurization of coal to protect the environment. Desulfurization and denitrification technologies of coalfired flue gas. Such a book has not been available since robert meyers wrote coal desulfurization in 1977, and considerable advances have been made in the more than 20 years since then. The high temperature desulfurization can be successfully accomplished by using solid sorbents such as oxides of those metals that form stable sulfides. Pdf desulphurization of south african coal using low power. China abstract high pressure water jet grinding and mineral processing technology has been combined with a. Epa600276 143a may 1976 environmental protection technology series meyers process development for chemical desulfurization of coal volume i industrial environmental research laboratory office of research and development u.
Assam, one of the coal producing states of the region, has coal deposits with 75. Sulfurous gases primarily sulfur dioxide produced by the combustion of foss. Economic and environmental requirements for advanced power generating systems demand the removal of corrosive and other sulfurous compounds from hot coal gas. Biological removal of sulfur from coal through use of. This paper discusses the role of manganese pellets in the. Flue gas desulfurization cems design lessons learned and. Pdf coal is the most important nonrenewable energy source of fossil origin. It was an appropriate article to feature as lime and limestone flue gas desulfurization processes are still the predominant technology being used today to control sulfur dioxide emissions from coal fired power plants. An attempt was made to desulfurize coals by bacterial means. Jun 03, 1980 as already indicated hereinabove, coal slurries have been inoculated in the past with concentrations of organisms in a range of about 2. Most standard activated carbons have little capacity for h2s. Novel desulfurization process of heavy fuel oil using surfactant. Desulfurization of coal by oxidation in alkaline solution iowa state.
Evaluation of limestone impurities in the desulfurization process of coal combustion gas 265 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. Jiang at the coal tech 2000 international conference november 14, 2000 jakarta, indonesia br1709 paul s. Progress of the technique of coal microwave desulfurization. Coal coal can contain up to 10% sulfur by weight, although values of 1 4% are more typical depending on the region where the coal was extracted. A strain of thiobacillus ferrooxidans has been found effective in removing pyritic sulfur and sulfate sulfur from coal. To promote and advance energyrelated research, development and education to address the worlds energy and chemical challenges. Coal desulfurization prior to usage is a preprocessing in order to achieve clean fuel and reduce environmental impacts such as acid rain. Coal desulfurization michigan technological university. Ash segregation standard deviation was proposed to evaluate separation efficiency. Desulfurization of coal by oxidation in alkaline solution iowa state university ph. Today, china is the largest emitter of so 2, and about 25. Naeem bhatti, mahmood saleem1 abstract coal desulfurization prior to usage is a preprocessing in order to achieve clean fuel and reduce environmental impacts such as acid rain.
Solubilized coal was desulfurized more efficiently than. Hot coal gas desulfurization with manganese based sorbents. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power plants. Each has some technical and economical limitations. Comparison analysis of coal biodesulfurization and coals. Coal from candiota mine, located in the southern region of brazil, is a subbituminous and high ash coal with 50% of inorganic material, but highly reactive, and low sulfur content. This material is produced by emissions control systems scrubbers that remove sulfur and oxides from power plant flue gas streams. Sulfur in the form of pyrite fes2 is transformed into the gas phase as sox after combustion process. Feb 16, 2015 the type of coal burned as well as the presence of a selective catalytic reduction unit both affect the ratio of elemental to oxidized mercury in the flue gas and thus the degree to which the mercury is removed. While several edited books on this topic have been published in the meantime, they consist of collections of individual papers which, while valuable, do not present the state. This book was written to provide a comprehensive survey of the current stateoftheart information in coal preparation. Desulfurization of lakhra pakistan coal was conducted with different solvents. Inorganic sulfur was removed efficiently using the gasvibro fluidized bed. Organic sulfur exists through forms that combine with the organic structure of coal, for example, mercaptan sh, sulfide, disulfide ss.
Epa600778089 june 1978 coal desulfurization using microwave energy by p. Environmental protection agency research triangle park, north carolina 27711. Coal, oil shale, natural bitumen, heavy oil and peat vol. Flue gas desulfurization flue gas desulfurization is commonly known as fgd and is the technology used for removing sulfur dioxide so 2 from the exhaust combustion flue gases of power plants that burn coal oroil to produce steam for the turbines that drive their electricity generators. A flue gas desulfurization fgd processing unit, commonly referred to as a scrubber, removes sulfur dioxide so 2 from the exhaust flue gases in power plants that burn coal. Comparison of flue gas desulfurization, coal liquefaction. Spokesmen who affirm that industrialscale reliability is now available, as well as spokesmen who deny it, often quote the nae panels requirement of 1 year of operation at the 100mw scale. China activated coal industry supply dynamics the research report titled, china activated coal industry situation and prospects research report is an indepth and professional study on the recent state of the activated coal industry. High efficiency preparation methods komar kawatra on. Desulfurization of coal by oxidation in alkaline solution. The chemical structure of coal macerals is usually characterized by. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemicalphysical. New reagents and reactions for desulfurization of coal shan wang this research is a product of the graduate program inchemistryat eastern illinois university. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power.
The chemical structure of coal macerals is usually characterized by the presence of inorganic and organic sulfur. Read air quality and stationary source emission control. Biocatalytic desulfurization is a complementary technology since hydrodesulfurization is not equally effective in desulfurizing all classes of sulfur compounds present in fossil fuels. S department of energy doe administers the cct program to encourage and support publicprivate partnerships to research, develop and. Kinkead general electric company reentry and environmental systems p. Pdf the effect of microwave irradiation has been experimented with using south african bituminous coals and various alkali solutions. Read air quality and stationary source emission control at.
I desulfurization of coal yasuo ohtsuka encyclopedia of life support systems eolss temperature desulfurization process is well proven, the reduction of sorbent consumption is required to minimize the costs for sorbent and residue management. Kilbane pollution from coal combustion is the largest problem in the current use of coal and the biggest constraint on the increased use of coal. Hydrodesulfurization hds is a catalytic chemical process by which sulfur s is removed from natural gas and from refined petroleum products like petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel and fuel oils in the form of hydrogen sulfide or sulfur dioxide. Coal desulfurization by microwave radiation is a new coal sulfur removal method in recent years and in the. Among the primary coal desulfurization methods, including physical. The pyrite rejection is dependent to the particle size distribution of pyrite. Mercury is a highly toxic element commonly found in coal and municipal waste. Clean coal technology what is clean coal technology cct. Hydrodesulfurization hds is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur s from natural gas and from refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oils.
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